So this is what I have found out so far,
Linux -- Linux (often pronounced LIH-nuhks with a short "i") is a Unix-like operating system that was designed to provide personal computer users a free or very low-cost operating system comparable to traditional and usually more expensive Unix systems. Linux has a reputation as a very efficient and fast-performing system. Linux's kernel (the central part of the operating system)
Compilers -- A compiler is a computer program (or set of programs) that translates text written in a computer language (the source language - high level language) into another computer language (the target language - low level language). The original sequence is usually called the source code and the output called object code.
Open Source -- A program in which the source code is available to the general public for use and/or modification from its original design free of charge. This permits users to use, change, and improve the software, and to redistribute it in modified or unmodified form. Open source is not defined in terms of free, but the availability of source code
Linux/Distributions -- Bundles Linux compatible softwares (Redhat, Suse)
GPL -- is a widely used free software license, originally written by Richard Stallman for the GNU project. The GPL is the most popular and well-known example of the type of strong copyleft license that requires derived works to be available under the same copyleft. Under this philosophy, the GPL is said to grant the recipients of a computer program the rights of the free software definition and uses copyleft to ensure the freedoms are preserved, even when the work is changed or added to. This is in distinction to permissive free software licences, of which the BSD licences are the standard examples.
BSD -- BSD licenses represent a family of permissive free software licences. The original was used for the Berkeley Software Distribution (BSD), a Unix-like operating system for which the license is named. The original owners of BSD were the Regents of the University of California because BSD was first written at the University of California, Berkeley. The first version of the license was revised, and the resulting licenses are more properly called modified BSD licenses. Permissive licenses, sometimes with important differences pertaining to license compatibility, are referred to as "BSD-style licenses". Several BSD-like licenses, including the New BSD license, have been vetted by the Open Source Initiative as meeting their definition of open source.
The licenses have few restrictions compared to other free software licenses such as the GNU General Public License or even the default restrictions provided by copyright, putting it relatively closer to the public domain.
Linus torvalds -- is a Finnish software engineer best known for having initiated the development of the Linux kernel. Linux's kernel (the central part of the operating system). He later became the chief architect of the Linux kernel, and now acts as the project's coordinator.
Richard Stallman -- is an American software freedom activist, hacker (programmer),[3] andsoftware developer. In September 1983, he launched the GNU Project[4] to create a free Unix-like operating system, and has been the project's lead architect and organizer. With the launch of the GNU Project, he started the free software movement and, in October 1985, set up the Free Software Foundation.
Bill gates -- is an American business magnate, philanthropist, the world's third richest person (as of February 8, 2008),[2] the second richest American (as of October 10, 2008),[4][5] and chairman[6] of Microsoft, the software company he founded with Paul Allen. During his career at Microsoft, Gates held the positions of CEO and chief software architect, and remains the largest individual shareholder with more than 8 percent of the common stock.[7] He has also authored or co-authored several books.
